Language Reference
HISTOGRAM Call
CALL HISTOGRAM (x) SCALE="Count" | "Percent" | "Proportion" DENSITY="Normal" | "Kernel" REBIN={BinStart, BinWidth} GRID={"X" <,"Y">} LABEL={XLabel <,YLabel>} XVALUES=xValues YVALUES=yValues PROCOPT=ProcOption OTHER=Stmts ;
This subroutine is supported only by the IML procedure.
The HISTOGRAM subroutine displays a histogram by calling the SGPLOT procedure. The required argument x is a numeric vector that contains the data to plot. The remaining arguments are optional and can be specified in any order. The HISTOGRAM subroutine is not a comprehensive interface to the SGPLOT procedure. It is intended for creating simple histogram for exploratory data analysis. The ODS statistical graphics subroutines are described in Chapter 17, Statistical Graphics.
A simple example follows:
use Sashelp.Cars;
read all var {MPG_City};
close Sashelp.Cars;
title "Histogram with Default Properties";
call Histogram(MPG_City);
Figure 184: A Histogram
Specify the required x vector inside parentheses and specify all optional arguments outside the parentheses. Use the global TITLE and FOOTNOTE statements to specify titles and footnotes. Each option corresponds to a statement or option in the SGPLOT procedure.
The following options correspond to options in the HISTOGRAM or DENSITY statement in the SGPLOT procedure:
- SCALE=
specifies the scaling to apply to the vertical axis of the histogram. Valid options are "Count" (the default), "Percent," and "Proportion."
- DENSITY=
-
specifies whether to overlay the density estimate on the histogram. The valid values are as follows:
DENSITY={"Normal"}overlays a normal density estimate.DENSITY={"Kernel"}overlays a kernel density estimate.DENSITY={"Normal", "Kernel"}overlays a normal and a kernel density estimate.
- REBIN=
specifies two numerical values that set the location of the first bins and the width of bins. An option of the form
REBIN={x0, h}corresponds to the BINSTART=x0 and BINWIDTH=h options in the HISTOGRAM statement in PROC SGPLOT.
The HISTOGRAM subroutine also supports the following options. The BAR subroutine documents these options and gives an example of their usage.
- GRID=
specifies whether to display grid lines for the X or Y axis.
- LABEL=
specifies axis labels for the X or Y axis.
- XVALUES=
specifies a vector of values for ticks for the X axis.
- YVALUES=
specifies a vector of values for ticks for the Y axis.
- PROCOPT=
specifies options in the PROC SGPLOT statement.
- OTHER=
specifies statements in the SGPLOT procedure.
The following statements create a histogram, overlay density estimates, and specify several options:
use Sashelp.Cars;
read all var {MPG_City};
close Sashelp.Cars;
title "Histogram with Density Curves";
call Histogram(MPG_City)
scale = "Percent"
density={"Normal" "Kernel"}
rebin={0 5}
grid="y"
label="Miles per Gallon (City)"
xvalues = do(0, 60, 10);
Figure 185: A Histogram with Overlaid Densities
