Alternative Equation Formats

The equation on this page is available in multiple formats. Depending on your browser, some formats might not render correctly.

MathML

a = 1 Q N 1 Σ q = 1 Q ( r q r ¯ ) 2

MathML rendered as SVG

eh equals . square root of fraction 1 , over q sub n , minus 1 end fraction . cap sigma with q equals 1 below and with q above . open , r sub q , minus , r with macron above , close squared end root

Last updated: March 16, 2026