Shared Concepts

Adaptive Elastic Net Selection

This section applies to the glm action in the regression action set.

Adaptive elastic net selection (Zou and Zhang 2009) is an improved version of the elastic net and adaptive LASSO selection methods. Adaptive elastic net penalizes the squared error loss by using a combination of the script l 2 penalty and the adaptive script l 1 penalty.

More specifically, the adaptive elastic net coefficients bold-italic beta equals left-parenthesis beta 1 comma beta 2 comma ellipsis comma beta Subscript m Baseline right-parenthesis are the solution to the optimization problem

min StartMetric bold y minus bold upper X bold italic beta EndMetric squared plus lamda 1 sigma summation Underscript j equals 1 Overscript m Endscripts StartAbsoluteValue w Subscript j Baseline beta Subscript j Baseline EndAbsoluteValue plus lamda 2 sigma summation Underscript j equals 1 Overscript m Endscripts beta Subscript j Superscript 2

The adaptively weighted script l 1 penalty achieves the oracle property, and the elastic net penalty handles the collinearity. The adaptive weights can be obtained by ridge regression estimation.

Like the naive elastic net, the adaptive elastic net can be transformed into an adaptive LASSO-type problem in some augmented space

min StartMetric bold y overtilde minus bold upper X overtilde bold italic beta EndMetric squared plus lamda 1 sigma summation Underscript j equals 1 Overscript m Endscripts StartAbsoluteValue w Subscript j Baseline beta Subscript j Baseline EndAbsoluteValue

where the augmented design matrix bold upper X overTilde and response bold y overTilde are defined by

bold upper X overTilde Subscript left-parenthesis n plus m right-parenthesis times m Baseline equals StartBinomialOrMatrix bold upper X Choose StartRoot lamda 2 EndRoot bold upper I EndBinomialOrMatrix comma bold y overTilde Subscript left-parenthesis n plus m right-parenthesis times 1 Baseline equals StartBinomialOrMatrix bold y Choose bold 0 EndBinomialOrMatrix
Last updated: March 05, 2026