Provides actions to tune machine learning algorithm hyperparameters for individual or multiple model types
Automatically tunes hyperparameters for multiple models types concurrently..
If a row includes a subparameter, you can specify the name, caslib, and so on in the subparameter. Otherwise, you can specify the name, caslib, and so on in the parameter.
|
Parameter |
Subparameter |
Description |
|---|---|---|
|
required parametertable |
— |
specifies the data table to use for model training. |
|
— |
specifies the data table to use for model validation. |
|
Parameter |
Subparameter |
Description |
|---|---|---|
|
— |
specifies the table to store the model in. |
|
|
historyTable (and nested parameter table) |
specifies a list of parameters for adjusting how the tuner behaves. |
specifies the input variables to use in the analysis.
For more information about specifying the inputs parameter, see the common casinvardesc parameter (Appendix A: Common Parameters).
| Alias | input |
|---|
specifies the table to store the model in.
For more information about specifying the modelNamePrefix parameter, see the common casouttable (Form 1) parameter (Appendix A: Common Parameters).
specifies a list of model types to be tuned concurrently.
The tuneAllModelTypesDefinition value can be one or more of the following:
specifies the model type for a specified model to be tuned.
| Default | ALL |
|---|
specifies the tuning options for a specified model type to be tuned.
specifies the nominal input variables to use in the analysis.
For more information about specifying the nominals parameter, see the common casinvardesc parameter (Appendix A: Common Parameters).
| Alias | nominal |
|---|
specifies the data table to use for model training.
| Long form | table={name="table-name"} |
|---|---|
| Shortcut form | table="table-name" |
| Alias | trainTable |
|---|
The castable value can be one or more of the following:
specifies the caslib for the input table that you want to use with the action. By default, the active caslib is used. Specify a value only if you need to access a table from a different caslib.
when set to True, creates the computed variables when the table is loaded instead of when the action begins.
| Alias | compOnDemand |
|---|---|
| Default | FALSE |
specifies the names of the computed variables to create. Specify an expression for each variable in the computedVarsProgram parameter. If you do not specify this parameter, then all variables from computedVarsProgram are automatically included.
| Alias | compVars |
|---|
The casinvardesc value can be one or more of the following:
specifies the format to apply to the variable.
specifies the length of the format field plus the length of the format precision.
specifies the descriptive label for the variable.
specifies the name for the variable.
specifies the length of the format precision.
specifies the length of the format field.
specifies an expression for each computed variable that you include in the computedVars parameter.
| Alias | compPgm |
|---|
specifies data source options.
| Aliases | options |
|---|---|
| dataSource |
specifies the settings for reading a table from a data source.
| Alias | import |
|---|
For more information about specifying the importOptions parameter, see the common importOptions parameter (Appendix A: Common Parameters).
specifies the name of the input table.
when set to True, does not create a transient table on the server. Setting this parameter to True can be efficient, but the data might not have stable ordering upon repeated runs.
| Default | FALSE |
|---|
specifies the variables to use in the action.
The casinvardesc value can be one or more of the following:
specifies the format to apply to the variable.
specifies the length of the format field plus the length of the format precision.
specifies the descriptive label for the variable.
specifies the name for the variable.
specifies the length of the format precision.
specifies the length of the format field.
specifies an expression for subsetting the input data.
specifies an input table that contains rows to use as a WHERE filter. If the vars parameter is not specified, then all the variable names that are common to the input table and the filtering table are used to find matching rows. If the where parameter for the input table and this parameter are specified, then this filtering table is applied first.
The groupbytable value can be one or more of the following:
specifies the caslib for the filter table. By default, the active caslib is used.
specifies data source options.
| Aliases | options |
|---|---|
| dataSource |
For more information about specifying the dataSourceOptions parameter, see the common dataSourceOptions parameter (Appendix A: Common Parameters).
specifies the settings for reading a table from a data source.
| Alias | import |
|---|
For more information about specifying the importOptions parameter, see the common importOptions parameter (Appendix A: Common Parameters).
specifies the name of the filter table.
specifies the variable names to use from the filter table.
The casinvardesc value can be one or more of the following:
specifies the format to apply to the variable.
specifies the length of the format field plus the length of the format precision.
specifies the descriptive label for the variable.
specifies the name for the variable.
specifies the length of the format precision.
specifies the length of the format field.
specifies an expression for subsetting the data from the filter table.
specifies the target or response variable to use for model training.
specifies a list of parameters for adjusting how the tuner behaves.
The tunerOptions value can be one or more of the following:
specifies a list of constraints and their definitions.
The autotuneConstraintDefinition value can be one or more of the following:
specifies the lower bound of the range for a tuning parameter. This parameter can be used only for numeric tuning parameters, and is ignored if a value list is specified for the tuning parameter.
| Alias | LB |
|---|
specifies a metric to constrain during tuning.
specifies area under the curve as the objective function or the constraint metric (nominal targets only).
specifies weighted normalized discounted cumulative gain as the objective function or the constraint metric (recommender model types only).
specifies the F0.5 coefficient as the objective function or the constraint metric (nominal targets only).
specifies the F1 coefficient as the objective function or the constraint metric (nominal targets only).
specifies false negative rate as the objective function or the constraint metric (nominal targets only).
specifies false positive rate as the objective function or the constraint metric (nominal targets only).
specifies the gamma coefficient as the objective function or the constraint metric (nominal targets only).
specifies the Gini coefficient as the objective function or the constraint metric (nominal targets only).
specifies hit rate as the objective function or the constraint metric (recommender model types only).
specifies the Kolmogorov-Smirnov coefficient as the objective function or the constraint metric (nominal targets only).
specifies the mean absolute error as the objective function or the constraint metric (interval targets only).
specifies the misclassification rate as the objective function or the constraint metric (nominal targets only).
specifies the multiclass log loss as the objective function or the constraint metric (nominal targets only).
specifies mean average precision as the objective function or the constraint metric (recommender model types only).
specifies mean reciprocal rank as the objective function or the constraint metric (recommender model types only).
specifies the misclassification error percentage as the objective function or the constraint metric (nominal targets only).
specifies the mean square error as the objective function or the constraint metric (interval targets only).
specifies the mean square logarithmic error as the objective function or the constraint metric (interval targets only).
specifies recall value as the objective function or the constraint metric (recommender model types only).
specifies the root mean absolute error as the objective function or the constraint metric (interval targets only).
specifies the root mean square logarithmic error as the objective function or the constraint metric (interval targets only).
specifies the tau coefficient as the objective function or the constraint metric (nominal targets only).
specifies true negative rate as the objective function or the constraint metric (nominal targets only).
specifies the upper bound of the range for a tuning parameter. This parameter can be used only for numeric tuning parameters, and is ignored if a value list is specified for the tuning parameter.
| Alias | UB |
|---|
when set to True, local search optimization is enabled for model tuning.
| Default | TRUE |
|---|
when set to True, creates a table of every evaluation (every model configuration) and returns those tables to the client.
| Default | TRUE |
|---|
specifies a column in the data table in which the cross validation fold value is indicated.
specifies the CAS table that is created by the autotune action that contains all evaluation history data points.
The history_table value can be one or more of the following:
when set to True, specifies that all unused lookup data points be appended to the table specified in the historyTable parameter.
| Default | FALSE |
|---|
when set to True, updates the table specified in the historyTable parameter after every evaluation. When the liveUpdate parameter is set to True, the table is promoted even if the promote parameter is not set to True, in order to allow other sessions to access the table.
| Default | FALSE |
|---|
The casouttable value can be one or more of the following:
specifies the name of the caslib for the output table.
when set to True, applies data compression to the table.
| Default | FALSE |
|---|
specifies the list of variables to create indexes for in the output data.
specifies the descriptive label to associate with the table.
specifies the number of seconds to keep the table in memory after it is last accessed. The table is dropped if it is not accessed for the specified number of seconds.
| Default | 0 |
|---|---|
| Minimum value | 0 |
specifies the maximum amount of memory, in bytes, that each thread should allocate for in-memory blocks before converting to a memory-mapped file. Files are written in the directories that are specified in the CAS_DISK_CACHE environment variable.
| TIP | You can enclose the value in quotation marks and specify B, K, M, G, or T as a suffix to indicate the units. For example, "8M" specifies eight megabytes. |
|---|
specifies the memory format for the output table.
| Default | INHERIT |
|---|
use the duplicate value reduction memory format. This memory format can reduce the memory consumption and file size when the input data contains duplicate values.
specifies the name for the output table.
when set to True, adds the output table with a global scope. This enables other sessions to access the table, subject to access controls. The target caslib must also have a global scope.
| Default | FALSE |
|---|
when set to True, overwrites an existing table that has the same name.
| Default | FALSE |
|---|
specifies the number of copies of the table to make for fault tolerance. Larger values result in slower performance and use more memory, but provide high availability for data in the event of a node failure. Data redundancy applies to distributed servers only.
| Default | 1 |
|---|---|
| Minimum value | 0 |
specifies the number of bytes to use for blocks in the output table. The blocks are read by threads. Gradually increase this value when you have a large table with millions or billions of rows and you are tuning for performance. Larger values can increase performance with indexed tables. However, if the value is too large, then you can cause thread starvation due to too few blocks for threads to work on.
| Alias | blockSize |
|---|---|
| Default | 1048576 |
| Minimum value | 0 |
| TIP | You can enclose the value in quotation marks and specify B, K, M, G, or T as a suffix to indicate the units. For example, "8M" specifies eight megabytes. |
specifies to add a timestamp column to the table. Support for timeStamp is action-specific. Specify the value in the form that is appropriate for your session locale.
specifies one or more expressions for subsetting the output data. When multiple expressions are specified, the expressions are effectively combined using AND to form the final output filter. If an expression contains quoted values, use nested quotation marks.
specifies the level of log messages to be written: no logs (0), initialization and completion logs (1), setup and iteration results (2), or detailed evaluation results (3).
| Default | 2 |
|---|---|
| Range | 0–3 |
specifies the maximum number of points in the kriging model. This parameter is ignored unless the value "BAYESIAN" is specified in the searchMethod parameter.
| Alias | maxBayesianSize |
|---|---|
| Default | 500 |
| Minimum value | 10 |
specifies the maximum number of objective evaluations (model configurations) to be trained and scored.
| Alias | maxEvaluations |
|---|---|
| Default | 0 |
| Minimum value | 0 |
specifies the maximum number of iterations of optimization for model tuning. At each iteration, the number of evaluated models is less than or equal to the value of the popSize parameter.
| Alias | maxIterations |
|---|---|
| Default | 5 |
| Minimum value | 1 |
specifies the maximum time allowed for tuning. The actual time might exceed this value by the amount of time required to train and score a model configuration.
| Default | 36000 |
|---|---|
| Minimum value | 1 |
specifies the maximum time allowed for a single model training. The model training is terminated if it exceeds this time, and the objective value is set to missing.
| Minimum value | 0 |
|---|
specifies the number of convergence iterations to use for terminating the tuning.
| Alias | nConvIters |
|---|---|
| Default | 4 |
| Minimum value | 1 |
specifies the number of folds to use for cross validation to assess model fit error as the tuning objective.
| Alias | nFolds |
|---|---|
| Default | 5 |
| Minimum value | 2 |
specifies the number of parallel subsessions to be used for parallel evaluation of model configurations.
| Default | 0 |
|---|
specifies the number of workers to be used by each subsession for parallel evaluation of model configurations.
| Alias | nSubWorkers |
|---|---|
| Default | 0 |
| Minimum value | 0 |
specifies the metric to use as the objective during tuning.
specifies area under the curve as the objective function or the constraint metric (nominal targets only).
specifies weighted normalized discounted cumulative gain as the objective function or the constraint metric (recommender model types only).
specifies the F0.5 coefficient as the objective function or the constraint metric (nominal targets only).
specifies the F1 coefficient as the objective function or the constraint metric (nominal targets only).
specifies false negative rate as the objective function or the constraint metric (nominal targets only).
specifies false positive rate as the objective function or the constraint metric (nominal targets only).
specifies the gamma coefficient as the objective function or the constraint metric (nominal targets only).
specifies the Gini coefficient as the objective function or the constraint metric (nominal targets only).
specifies hit rate as the objective function or the constraint metric (recommender model types only).
specifies the Kolmogorov-Smirnov coefficient as the objective function or the constraint metric (nominal targets only).
specifies the mean absolute error as the objective function or the constraint metric (interval targets only).
specifies the misclassification rate as the objective function or the constraint metric (nominal targets only).
specifies the multiclass log loss as the objective function or the constraint metric (nominal targets only).
specifies mean average precision as the objective function or the constraint metric (recommender model types only).
specifies mean reciprocal rank as the objective function or the constraint metric (recommender model types only).
specifies the misclassification error percentage as the objective function or the constraint metric (nominal targets only).
specifies the mean square error as the objective function or the constraint metric (interval targets only).
specifies the mean square logarithmic error as the objective function or the constraint metric (interval targets only).
specifies recall value as the objective function or the constraint metric (recommender model types only).
specifies the root mean absolute error as the objective function or the constraint metric (interval targets only).
specifies the root mean square logarithmic error as the objective function or the constraint metric (interval targets only).
specifies the tau coefficient as the objective function or the constraint metric (nominal targets only).
specifies true negative rate as the objective function or the constraint metric (nominal targets only).
specifies the maximum number of model configurations to evaluate at each iteration.
| Alias | populationSize |
|---|---|
| Default | 10 |
| Minimum value | 2 |
specifies the number of model configurations to evaluate when the value of the searchMethod parameter is "LHS" or "RANDOM".
| Default | 50 |
|---|---|
| Minimum value | 2 |
specifies the metric to use as the second objective during tuning.
| Default | NONE |
|---|
specifies area under the curve as the objective function or the constraint metric (nominal targets only).
specifies weighted normalized discounted cumulative gain as the objective function or the constraint metric (recommender model types only).
specifies the F0.5 coefficient as the objective function or the constraint metric (nominal targets only).
specifies the F1 coefficient as the objective function or the constraint metric (nominal targets only).
specifies false negative rate as the objective function or the constraint metric (nominal targets only).
specifies false positive rate as the objective function or the constraint metric (nominal targets only).
specifies the gamma coefficient as the objective function or the constraint metric (nominal targets only).
specifies the Gini coefficient as the objective function or the constraint metric (nominal targets only).
specifies hit rate as the objective function or the constraint metric (recommender model types only).
specifies the Kolmogorov-Smirnov coefficient as the objective function or the constraint metric (nominal targets only).
specifies the mean absolute error as the objective function or the constraint metric (interval targets only).
specifies the misclassification rate as the objective function or the constraint metric (nominal targets only).
specifies the multiclass log loss as the objective function or the constraint metric (nominal targets only).
specifies mean average precision as the objective function or the constraint metric (recommender model types only).
specifies mean reciprocal rank as the objective function or the constraint metric (recommender model types only).
specifies the misclassification error percentage as the objective function or the constraint metric (nominal targets only).
specifies the mean square error as the objective function or the constraint metric (interval targets only).
specifies the mean square logarithmic error as the objective function or the constraint metric (interval targets only).
specifies recall value as the objective function or the constraint metric (recommender model types only).
specifies the root mean absolute error as the objective function or the constraint metric (interval targets only).
specifies the root mean square logarithmic error as the objective function or the constraint metric (interval targets only).
specifies the tau coefficient as the objective function or the constraint metric (nominal targets only).
specifies true negative rate as the objective function or the constraint metric (nominal targets only).
specifies the seed to use for selecting training data and validation data for a single validation partition or fold number for each observation for cross validation.
| Default | 0 |
|---|
when set to True, shuffles the points that are generated by the grid search method before execution.
| Default | TRUE |
|---|
specifies the name of the nominal target event to use for tuning.
specifies the size of a single data partition to use for model training during tuning.
| Alias | trainFraction |
|---|---|
| Range | 0.01–0.99 |
when set to True, includes a user-defined partition for training and scoring.
| Default | FALSE |
|---|
specifies the size of a single validation partition to use in order to assess model fit error as the tuning objective.
| Alias | validateFraction |
|---|---|
| Default | 0.3 |
| Range | 0.01–0.99 |
specifies the data table to use for model validation.
| Long form | validTable={name="table-name"} |
|---|---|
| Shortcut form | validTable="table-name" |
The castable value can be one or more of the following:
specifies the caslib for the input table that you want to use with the action. By default, the active caslib is used. Specify a value only if you need to access a table from a different caslib.
when set to True, creates the computed variables when the table is loaded instead of when the action begins.
| Alias | compOnDemand |
|---|---|
| Default | FALSE |
specifies the names of the computed variables to create. Specify an expression for each variable in the computedVarsProgram parameter. If you do not specify this parameter, then all variables from computedVarsProgram are automatically included.
| Alias | compVars |
|---|
The casinvardesc value can be one or more of the following:
specifies the format to apply to the variable.
specifies the length of the format field plus the length of the format precision.
specifies the descriptive label for the variable.
specifies the name for the variable.
specifies the length of the format precision.
specifies the length of the format field.
specifies an expression for each computed variable that you include in the computedVars parameter.
| Alias | compPgm |
|---|
specifies data source options.
| Aliases | options |
|---|---|
| dataSource |
specifies the settings for reading a table from a data source.
| Alias | import |
|---|
For more information about specifying the importOptions parameter, see the common importOptions parameter (Appendix A: Common Parameters).
specifies the name of the input table.
when set to True, does not create a transient table on the server. Setting this parameter to True can be efficient, but the data might not have stable ordering upon repeated runs.
| Default | FALSE |
|---|
specifies the variables to use in the action.
The casinvardesc value can be one or more of the following:
specifies the format to apply to the variable.
specifies the length of the format field plus the length of the format precision.
specifies the descriptive label for the variable.
specifies the name for the variable.
specifies the length of the format precision.
specifies the length of the format field.
specifies an expression for subsetting the input data.
specifies an input table that contains rows to use as a WHERE filter. If the vars parameter is not specified, then all the variable names that are common to the input table and the filtering table are used to find matching rows. If the where parameter for the input table and this parameter are specified, then this filtering table is applied first.
The groupbytable value can be one or more of the following:
specifies the caslib for the filter table. By default, the active caslib is used.
specifies data source options.
| Aliases | options |
|---|---|
| dataSource |
For more information about specifying the dataSourceOptions parameter, see the common dataSourceOptions parameter (Appendix A: Common Parameters).
specifies the settings for reading a table from a data source.
| Alias | import |
|---|
For more information about specifying the importOptions parameter, see the common importOptions parameter (Appendix A: Common Parameters).
specifies the name of the filter table.
specifies the variable names to use from the filter table.
The casinvardesc value can be one or more of the following:
specifies the format to apply to the variable.
specifies the length of the format field plus the length of the format precision.
specifies the descriptive label for the variable.
specifies the name for the variable.
specifies the length of the format precision.
specifies the length of the format field.
specifies an expression for subsetting the data from the filter table.
Automatically tunes hyperparameters for multiple models types concurrently..
If a row includes a subparameter, you can specify the name, caslib, and so on in the subparameter. Otherwise, you can specify the name, caslib, and so on in the parameter.
|
Parameter |
Subparameter |
Description |
|---|---|---|
|
required parametertable |
— |
specifies the data table to use for model training. |
|
— |
specifies the data table to use for model validation. |
|
Parameter |
Subparameter |
Description |
|---|---|---|
|
— |
specifies the table to store the model in. |
|
|
historyTable (and nested parameter table) |
specifies a list of parameters for adjusting how the tuner behaves. |
specifies the input variables to use in the analysis.
For more information about specifying the inputs parameter, see the common casinvardesc parameter (Appendix A: Common Parameters).
| Alias | input |
|---|
specifies the table to store the model in.
For more information about specifying the modelNamePrefix parameter, see the common casouttable (Form 1) parameter (Appendix A: Common Parameters).
specifies a list of model types to be tuned concurrently.
The tuneAllModelTypesDefinition value can be one or more of the following:
specifies the model type for a specified model to be tuned.
| Default | ALL |
|---|
specifies the tuning options for a specified model type to be tuned.
specifies the nominal input variables to use in the analysis.
For more information about specifying the nominals parameter, see the common casinvardesc parameter (Appendix A: Common Parameters).
| Alias | nominal |
|---|
specifies the data table to use for model training.
| Long form | table={name="table-name"} |
|---|---|
| Shortcut form | table="table-name" |
| Alias | trainTable |
|---|
The castable value can be one or more of the following:
specifies the caslib for the input table that you want to use with the action. By default, the active caslib is used. Specify a value only if you need to access a table from a different caslib.
when set to True, creates the computed variables when the table is loaded instead of when the action begins.
| Alias | compOnDemand |
|---|---|
| Default | false |
specifies the names of the computed variables to create. Specify an expression for each variable in the computedVarsProgram parameter. If you do not specify this parameter, then all variables from computedVarsProgram are automatically included.
| Alias | compVars |
|---|
The casinvardesc value can be one or more of the following:
specifies the format to apply to the variable.
specifies the length of the format field plus the length of the format precision.
specifies the descriptive label for the variable.
specifies the name for the variable.
specifies the length of the format precision.
specifies the length of the format field.
specifies an expression for each computed variable that you include in the computedVars parameter.
| Alias | compPgm |
|---|
specifies data source options.
| Aliases | options |
|---|---|
| dataSource |
specifies the settings for reading a table from a data source.
| Alias | import |
|---|
For more information about specifying the importOptions parameter, see the common importOptions parameter (Appendix A: Common Parameters).
specifies the name of the input table.
when set to True, does not create a transient table on the server. Setting this parameter to True can be efficient, but the data might not have stable ordering upon repeated runs.
| Default | false |
|---|
specifies the variables to use in the action.
The casinvardesc value can be one or more of the following:
specifies the format to apply to the variable.
specifies the length of the format field plus the length of the format precision.
specifies the descriptive label for the variable.
specifies the name for the variable.
specifies the length of the format precision.
specifies the length of the format field.
specifies an expression for subsetting the input data.
specifies an input table that contains rows to use as a WHERE filter. If the vars parameter is not specified, then all the variable names that are common to the input table and the filtering table are used to find matching rows. If the where parameter for the input table and this parameter are specified, then this filtering table is applied first.
The groupbytable value can be one or more of the following:
specifies the caslib for the filter table. By default, the active caslib is used.
specifies data source options.
| Aliases | options |
|---|---|
| dataSource |
For more information about specifying the dataSourceOptions parameter, see the common dataSourceOptions parameter (Appendix A: Common Parameters).
specifies the settings for reading a table from a data source.
| Alias | import |
|---|
For more information about specifying the importOptions parameter, see the common importOptions parameter (Appendix A: Common Parameters).
specifies the name of the filter table.
specifies the variable names to use from the filter table.
The casinvardesc value can be one or more of the following:
specifies the format to apply to the variable.
specifies the length of the format field plus the length of the format precision.
specifies the descriptive label for the variable.
specifies the name for the variable.
specifies the length of the format precision.
specifies the length of the format field.
specifies an expression for subsetting the data from the filter table.
specifies the target or response variable to use for model training.
specifies a list of parameters for adjusting how the tuner behaves.
The tunerOptions value can be one or more of the following:
specifies a list of constraints and their definitions.
The autotuneConstraintDefinition value can be one or more of the following:
specifies the lower bound of the range for a tuning parameter. This parameter can be used only for numeric tuning parameters, and is ignored if a value list is specified for the tuning parameter.
| Alias | LB |
|---|
specifies a metric to constrain during tuning.
specifies area under the curve as the objective function or the constraint metric (nominal targets only).
specifies weighted normalized discounted cumulative gain as the objective function or the constraint metric (recommender model types only).
specifies the F0.5 coefficient as the objective function or the constraint metric (nominal targets only).
specifies the F1 coefficient as the objective function or the constraint metric (nominal targets only).
specifies false negative rate as the objective function or the constraint metric (nominal targets only).
specifies false positive rate as the objective function or the constraint metric (nominal targets only).
specifies the gamma coefficient as the objective function or the constraint metric (nominal targets only).
specifies the Gini coefficient as the objective function or the constraint metric (nominal targets only).
specifies hit rate as the objective function or the constraint metric (recommender model types only).
specifies the Kolmogorov-Smirnov coefficient as the objective function or the constraint metric (nominal targets only).
specifies the mean absolute error as the objective function or the constraint metric (interval targets only).
specifies the misclassification rate as the objective function or the constraint metric (nominal targets only).
specifies the multiclass log loss as the objective function or the constraint metric (nominal targets only).
specifies mean average precision as the objective function or the constraint metric (recommender model types only).
specifies mean reciprocal rank as the objective function or the constraint metric (recommender model types only).
specifies the misclassification error percentage as the objective function or the constraint metric (nominal targets only).
specifies the mean square error as the objective function or the constraint metric (interval targets only).
specifies the mean square logarithmic error as the objective function or the constraint metric (interval targets only).
specifies recall value as the objective function or the constraint metric (recommender model types only).
specifies the root mean absolute error as the objective function or the constraint metric (interval targets only).
specifies the root mean square logarithmic error as the objective function or the constraint metric (interval targets only).
specifies the tau coefficient as the objective function or the constraint metric (nominal targets only).
specifies true negative rate as the objective function or the constraint metric (nominal targets only).
specifies the upper bound of the range for a tuning parameter. This parameter can be used only for numeric tuning parameters, and is ignored if a value list is specified for the tuning parameter.
| Alias | UB |
|---|
when set to True, local search optimization is enabled for model tuning.
| Default | true |
|---|
when set to True, creates a table of every evaluation (every model configuration) and returns those tables to the client.
| Default | true |
|---|
specifies a column in the data table in which the cross validation fold value is indicated.
specifies the CAS table that is created by the autotune action that contains all evaluation history data points.
The history_table value can be one or more of the following:
when set to True, specifies that all unused lookup data points be appended to the table specified in the historyTable parameter.
| Default | false |
|---|
when set to True, updates the table specified in the historyTable parameter after every evaluation. When the liveUpdate parameter is set to True, the table is promoted even if the promote parameter is not set to True, in order to allow other sessions to access the table.
| Default | false |
|---|
The casouttable value can be one or more of the following:
specifies the name of the caslib for the output table.
when set to True, applies data compression to the table.
| Default | false |
|---|
specifies the list of variables to create indexes for in the output data.
specifies the descriptive label to associate with the table.
specifies the number of seconds to keep the table in memory after it is last accessed. The table is dropped if it is not accessed for the specified number of seconds.
| Default | 0 |
|---|---|
| Minimum value | 0 |
specifies the maximum amount of memory, in bytes, that each thread should allocate for in-memory blocks before converting to a memory-mapped file. Files are written in the directories that are specified in the CAS_DISK_CACHE environment variable.
| TIP | You can enclose the value in quotation marks and specify B, K, M, G, or T as a suffix to indicate the units. For example, "8M" specifies eight megabytes. |
|---|
specifies the memory format for the output table.
| Default | INHERIT |
|---|
use the duplicate value reduction memory format. This memory format can reduce the memory consumption and file size when the input data contains duplicate values.
specifies the name for the output table.
when set to True, adds the output table with a global scope. This enables other sessions to access the table, subject to access controls. The target caslib must also have a global scope.
| Default | false |
|---|
when set to True, overwrites an existing table that has the same name.
| Default | false |
|---|
specifies the number of copies of the table to make for fault tolerance. Larger values result in slower performance and use more memory, but provide high availability for data in the event of a node failure. Data redundancy applies to distributed servers only.
| Default | 1 |
|---|---|
| Minimum value | 0 |
specifies the number of bytes to use for blocks in the output table. The blocks are read by threads. Gradually increase this value when you have a large table with millions or billions of rows and you are tuning for performance. Larger values can increase performance with indexed tables. However, if the value is too large, then you can cause thread starvation due to too few blocks for threads to work on.
| Alias | blockSize |
|---|---|
| Default | 1048576 |
| Minimum value | 0 |
| TIP | You can enclose the value in quotation marks and specify B, K, M, G, or T as a suffix to indicate the units. For example, "8M" specifies eight megabytes. |
specifies to add a timestamp column to the table. Support for timeStamp is action-specific. Specify the value in the form that is appropriate for your session locale.
specifies one or more expressions for subsetting the output data. When multiple expressions are specified, the expressions are effectively combined using AND to form the final output filter. If an expression contains quoted values, use nested quotation marks.
specifies the level of log messages to be written: no logs (0), initialization and completion logs (1), setup and iteration results (2), or detailed evaluation results (3).
| Default | 2 |
|---|---|
| Range | 0–3 |
specifies the maximum number of points in the kriging model. This parameter is ignored unless the value "BAYESIAN" is specified in the searchMethod parameter.
| Alias | maxBayesianSize |
|---|---|
| Default | 500 |
| Minimum value | 10 |
specifies the maximum number of objective evaluations (model configurations) to be trained and scored.
| Alias | maxEvaluations |
|---|---|
| Default | 0 |
| Minimum value | 0 |
specifies the maximum number of iterations of optimization for model tuning. At each iteration, the number of evaluated models is less than or equal to the value of the popSize parameter.
| Alias | maxIterations |
|---|---|
| Default | 5 |
| Minimum value | 1 |
specifies the maximum time allowed for tuning. The actual time might exceed this value by the amount of time required to train and score a model configuration.
| Default | 36000 |
|---|---|
| Minimum value | 1 |
specifies the maximum time allowed for a single model training. The model training is terminated if it exceeds this time, and the objective value is set to missing.
| Minimum value | 0 |
|---|
specifies the number of convergence iterations to use for terminating the tuning.
| Alias | nConvIters |
|---|---|
| Default | 4 |
| Minimum value | 1 |
specifies the number of folds to use for cross validation to assess model fit error as the tuning objective.
| Alias | nFolds |
|---|---|
| Default | 5 |
| Minimum value | 2 |
specifies the number of parallel subsessions to be used for parallel evaluation of model configurations.
| Default | 0 |
|---|
specifies the number of workers to be used by each subsession for parallel evaluation of model configurations.
| Alias | nSubWorkers |
|---|---|
| Default | 0 |
| Minimum value | 0 |
specifies the metric to use as the objective during tuning.
specifies area under the curve as the objective function or the constraint metric (nominal targets only).
specifies weighted normalized discounted cumulative gain as the objective function or the constraint metric (recommender model types only).
specifies the F0.5 coefficient as the objective function or the constraint metric (nominal targets only).
specifies the F1 coefficient as the objective function or the constraint metric (nominal targets only).
specifies false negative rate as the objective function or the constraint metric (nominal targets only).
specifies false positive rate as the objective function or the constraint metric (nominal targets only).
specifies the gamma coefficient as the objective function or the constraint metric (nominal targets only).
specifies the Gini coefficient as the objective function or the constraint metric (nominal targets only).
specifies hit rate as the objective function or the constraint metric (recommender model types only).
specifies the Kolmogorov-Smirnov coefficient as the objective function or the constraint metric (nominal targets only).
specifies the mean absolute error as the objective function or the constraint metric (interval targets only).
specifies the misclassification rate as the objective function or the constraint metric (nominal targets only).
specifies the multiclass log loss as the objective function or the constraint metric (nominal targets only).
specifies mean average precision as the objective function or the constraint metric (recommender model types only).
specifies mean reciprocal rank as the objective function or the constraint metric (recommender model types only).
specifies the misclassification error percentage as the objective function or the constraint metric (nominal targets only).
specifies the mean square error as the objective function or the constraint metric (interval targets only).
specifies the mean square logarithmic error as the objective function or the constraint metric (interval targets only).
specifies recall value as the objective function or the constraint metric (recommender model types only).
specifies the root mean absolute error as the objective function or the constraint metric (interval targets only).
specifies the root mean square logarithmic error as the objective function or the constraint metric (interval targets only).
specifies the tau coefficient as the objective function or the constraint metric (nominal targets only).
specifies true negative rate as the objective function or the constraint metric (nominal targets only).
specifies the maximum number of model configurations to evaluate at each iteration.
| Alias | populationSize |
|---|---|
| Default | 10 |
| Minimum value | 2 |
specifies the number of model configurations to evaluate when the value of the searchMethod parameter is "LHS" or "RANDOM".
| Default | 50 |
|---|---|
| Minimum value | 2 |
specifies the metric to use as the second objective during tuning.
| Default | NONE |
|---|
specifies area under the curve as the objective function or the constraint metric (nominal targets only).
specifies weighted normalized discounted cumulative gain as the objective function or the constraint metric (recommender model types only).
specifies the F0.5 coefficient as the objective function or the constraint metric (nominal targets only).
specifies the F1 coefficient as the objective function or the constraint metric (nominal targets only).
specifies false negative rate as the objective function or the constraint metric (nominal targets only).
specifies false positive rate as the objective function or the constraint metric (nominal targets only).
specifies the gamma coefficient as the objective function or the constraint metric (nominal targets only).
specifies the Gini coefficient as the objective function or the constraint metric (nominal targets only).
specifies hit rate as the objective function or the constraint metric (recommender model types only).
specifies the Kolmogorov-Smirnov coefficient as the objective function or the constraint metric (nominal targets only).
specifies the mean absolute error as the objective function or the constraint metric (interval targets only).
specifies the misclassification rate as the objective function or the constraint metric (nominal targets only).
specifies the multiclass log loss as the objective function or the constraint metric (nominal targets only).
specifies mean average precision as the objective function or the constraint metric (recommender model types only).
specifies mean reciprocal rank as the objective function or the constraint metric (recommender model types only).
specifies the misclassification error percentage as the objective function or the constraint metric (nominal targets only).
specifies the mean square error as the objective function or the constraint metric (interval targets only).
specifies the mean square logarithmic error as the objective function or the constraint metric (interval targets only).
specifies recall value as the objective function or the constraint metric (recommender model types only).
specifies the root mean absolute error as the objective function or the constraint metric (interval targets only).
specifies the root mean square logarithmic error as the objective function or the constraint metric (interval targets only).
specifies the tau coefficient as the objective function or the constraint metric (nominal targets only).
specifies true negative rate as the objective function or the constraint metric (nominal targets only).
specifies the seed to use for selecting training data and validation data for a single validation partition or fold number for each observation for cross validation.
| Default | 0 |
|---|
when set to True, shuffles the points that are generated by the grid search method before execution.
| Default | true |
|---|
specifies the name of the nominal target event to use for tuning.
specifies the size of a single data partition to use for model training during tuning.
| Alias | trainFraction |
|---|---|
| Range | 0.01–0.99 |
when set to True, includes a user-defined partition for training and scoring.
| Default | false |
|---|
specifies the size of a single validation partition to use in order to assess model fit error as the tuning objective.
| Alias | validateFraction |
|---|---|
| Default | 0.3 |
| Range | 0.01–0.99 |
specifies the data table to use for model validation.
| Long form | validTable={name="table-name"} |
|---|---|
| Shortcut form | validTable="table-name" |
The castable value can be one or more of the following:
specifies the caslib for the input table that you want to use with the action. By default, the active caslib is used. Specify a value only if you need to access a table from a different caslib.
when set to True, creates the computed variables when the table is loaded instead of when the action begins.
| Alias | compOnDemand |
|---|---|
| Default | false |
specifies the names of the computed variables to create. Specify an expression for each variable in the computedVarsProgram parameter. If you do not specify this parameter, then all variables from computedVarsProgram are automatically included.
| Alias | compVars |
|---|
The casinvardesc value can be one or more of the following:
specifies the format to apply to the variable.
specifies the length of the format field plus the length of the format precision.
specifies the descriptive label for the variable.
specifies the name for the variable.
specifies the length of the format precision.
specifies the length of the format field.
specifies an expression for each computed variable that you include in the computedVars parameter.
| Alias | compPgm |
|---|
specifies data source options.
| Aliases | options |
|---|---|
| dataSource |
specifies the settings for reading a table from a data source.
| Alias | import |
|---|
For more information about specifying the importOptions parameter, see the common importOptions parameter (Appendix A: Common Parameters).
specifies the name of the input table.
when set to True, does not create a transient table on the server. Setting this parameter to True can be efficient, but the data might not have stable ordering upon repeated runs.
| Default | false |
|---|
specifies the variables to use in the action.
The casinvardesc value can be one or more of the following:
specifies the format to apply to the variable.
specifies the length of the format field plus the length of the format precision.
specifies the descriptive label for the variable.
specifies the name for the variable.
specifies the length of the format precision.
specifies the length of the format field.
specifies an expression for subsetting the input data.
specifies an input table that contains rows to use as a WHERE filter. If the vars parameter is not specified, then all the variable names that are common to the input table and the filtering table are used to find matching rows. If the where parameter for the input table and this parameter are specified, then this filtering table is applied first.
The groupbytable value can be one or more of the following:
specifies the caslib for the filter table. By default, the active caslib is used.
specifies data source options.
| Aliases | options |
|---|---|
| dataSource |
For more information about specifying the dataSourceOptions parameter, see the common dataSourceOptions parameter (Appendix A: Common Parameters).
specifies the settings for reading a table from a data source.
| Alias | import |
|---|
For more information about specifying the importOptions parameter, see the common importOptions parameter (Appendix A: Common Parameters).
specifies the name of the filter table.
specifies the variable names to use from the filter table.
The casinvardesc value can be one or more of the following:
specifies the format to apply to the variable.
specifies the length of the format field plus the length of the format precision.
specifies the descriptive label for the variable.
specifies the name for the variable.
specifies the length of the format precision.
specifies the length of the format field.
specifies an expression for subsetting the data from the filter table.
Automatically tunes hyperparameters for multiple models types concurrently..
If a row includes a subparameter, you can specify the name, caslib, and so on in the subparameter. Otherwise, you can specify the name, caslib, and so on in the parameter.
|
Parameter |
Subparameter |
Description |
|---|---|---|
|
required parametertable |
— |
specifies the data table to use for model training. |
|
— |
specifies the data table to use for model validation. |
|
Parameter |
Subparameter |
Description |
|---|---|---|
|
— |
specifies the table to store the model in. |
|
|
historyTable (and nested parameter table) |
specifies a list of parameters for adjusting how the tuner behaves. |
specifies the input variables to use in the analysis.
For more information about specifying the inputs parameter, see the common casinvardesc parameter (Appendix A: Common Parameters).
| Alias | input |
|---|
specifies the table to store the model in.
For more information about specifying the modelNamePrefix parameter, see the common casouttable (Form 1) parameter (Appendix A: Common Parameters).
specifies a list of model types to be tuned concurrently.
The tuneAllModelTypesDefinition value can be one or more of the following:
specifies the model type for a specified model to be tuned.
| Default | ALL |
|---|
specifies the tuning options for a specified model type to be tuned.
specifies the nominal input variables to use in the analysis.
For more information about specifying the nominals parameter, see the common casinvardesc parameter (Appendix A: Common Parameters).
| Alias | nominal |
|---|
specifies the data table to use for model training.
| Long form | table={"name":"table-name"} |
|---|---|
| Shortcut form | table="table-name" |
| Alias | trainTable |
|---|
The castable value can be one or more of the following:
specifies the caslib for the input table that you want to use with the action. By default, the active caslib is used. Specify a value only if you need to access a table from a different caslib.
when set to True, creates the computed variables when the table is loaded instead of when the action begins.
| Alias | compOnDemand |
|---|---|
| Default | False |
specifies the names of the computed variables to create. Specify an expression for each variable in the computedVarsProgram parameter. If you do not specify this parameter, then all variables from computedVarsProgram are automatically included.
| Alias | compVars |
|---|
The casinvardesc value can be one or more of the following:
specifies the format to apply to the variable.
specifies the length of the format field plus the length of the format precision.
specifies the descriptive label for the variable.
specifies the name for the variable.
specifies the length of the format precision.
specifies the length of the format field.
specifies an expression for each computed variable that you include in the computedVars parameter.
| Alias | compPgm |
|---|
specifies data source options.
| Aliases | options |
|---|---|
| dataSource |
specifies the settings for reading a table from a data source.
| Alias | import_ |
|---|
For more information about specifying the importOptions parameter, see the common importOptions parameter (Appendix A: Common Parameters).
specifies the name of the input table.
when set to True, does not create a transient table on the server. Setting this parameter to True can be efficient, but the data might not have stable ordering upon repeated runs.
| Default | False |
|---|
specifies the variables to use in the action.
The casinvardesc value can be one or more of the following:
specifies the format to apply to the variable.
specifies the length of the format field plus the length of the format precision.
specifies the descriptive label for the variable.
specifies the name for the variable.
specifies the length of the format precision.
specifies the length of the format field.
specifies an expression for subsetting the input data.
specifies an input table that contains rows to use as a WHERE filter. If the vars parameter is not specified, then all the variable names that are common to the input table and the filtering table are used to find matching rows. If the where parameter for the input table and this parameter are specified, then this filtering table is applied first.
The groupbytable value can be one or more of the following:
specifies the caslib for the filter table. By default, the active caslib is used.
specifies data source options.
| Aliases | options |
|---|---|
| dataSource |
For more information about specifying the dataSourceOptions parameter, see the common dataSourceOptions parameter (Appendix A: Common Parameters).
specifies the settings for reading a table from a data source.
| Alias | import_ |
|---|
For more information about specifying the importOptions parameter, see the common importOptions parameter (Appendix A: Common Parameters).
specifies the name of the filter table.
specifies the variable names to use from the filter table.
The casinvardesc value can be one or more of the following:
specifies the format to apply to the variable.
specifies the length of the format field plus the length of the format precision.
specifies the descriptive label for the variable.
specifies the name for the variable.
specifies the length of the format precision.
specifies the length of the format field.
specifies an expression for subsetting the data from the filter table.
specifies the target or response variable to use for model training.
specifies a list of parameters for adjusting how the tuner behaves.
The tunerOptions value can be one or more of the following:
specifies a list of constraints and their definitions.
The autotuneConstraintDefinition value can be one or more of the following:
specifies the lower bound of the range for a tuning parameter. This parameter can be used only for numeric tuning parameters, and is ignored if a value list is specified for the tuning parameter.
| Alias | LB |
|---|
specifies a metric to constrain during tuning.
specifies area under the curve as the objective function or the constraint metric (nominal targets only).
specifies weighted normalized discounted cumulative gain as the objective function or the constraint metric (recommender model types only).
specifies the F0.5 coefficient as the objective function or the constraint metric (nominal targets only).
specifies the F1 coefficient as the objective function or the constraint metric (nominal targets only).
specifies false negative rate as the objective function or the constraint metric (nominal targets only).
specifies false positive rate as the objective function or the constraint metric (nominal targets only).
specifies the gamma coefficient as the objective function or the constraint metric (nominal targets only).
specifies the Gini coefficient as the objective function or the constraint metric (nominal targets only).
specifies hit rate as the objective function or the constraint metric (recommender model types only).
specifies the Kolmogorov-Smirnov coefficient as the objective function or the constraint metric (nominal targets only).
specifies the mean absolute error as the objective function or the constraint metric (interval targets only).
specifies the misclassification rate as the objective function or the constraint metric (nominal targets only).
specifies the multiclass log loss as the objective function or the constraint metric (nominal targets only).
specifies mean average precision as the objective function or the constraint metric (recommender model types only).
specifies mean reciprocal rank as the objective function or the constraint metric (recommender model types only).
specifies the misclassification error percentage as the objective function or the constraint metric (nominal targets only).
specifies the mean square error as the objective function or the constraint metric (interval targets only).
specifies the mean square logarithmic error as the objective function or the constraint metric (interval targets only).
specifies recall value as the objective function or the constraint metric (recommender model types only).
specifies the root mean absolute error as the objective function or the constraint metric (interval targets only).
specifies the root mean square logarithmic error as the objective function or the constraint metric (interval targets only).
specifies the tau coefficient as the objective function or the constraint metric (nominal targets only).
specifies true negative rate as the objective function or the constraint metric (nominal targets only).
specifies the upper bound of the range for a tuning parameter. This parameter can be used only for numeric tuning parameters, and is ignored if a value list is specified for the tuning parameter.
| Alias | UB |
|---|
when set to True, local search optimization is enabled for model tuning.
| Default | True |
|---|
when set to True, creates a table of every evaluation (every model configuration) and returns those tables to the client.
| Default | True |
|---|
specifies a column in the data table in which the cross validation fold value is indicated.
specifies the CAS table that is created by the autotune action that contains all evaluation history data points.
The history_table value can be one or more of the following:
when set to True, specifies that all unused lookup data points be appended to the table specified in the historyTable parameter.
| Default | False |
|---|
when set to True, updates the table specified in the historyTable parameter after every evaluation. When the liveUpdate parameter is set to True, the table is promoted even if the promote parameter is not set to True, in order to allow other sessions to access the table.
| Default | False |
|---|
The casouttable value can be one or more of the following:
specifies the name of the caslib for the output table.
when set to True, applies data compression to the table.
| Default | False |
|---|
specifies the list of variables to create indexes for in the output data.
specifies the descriptive label to associate with the table.
specifies the number of seconds to keep the table in memory after it is last accessed. The table is dropped if it is not accessed for the specified number of seconds.
| Default | 0 |
|---|---|
| Minimum value | 0 |
specifies the maximum amount of memory, in bytes, that each thread should allocate for in-memory blocks before converting to a memory-mapped file. Files are written in the directories that are specified in the CAS_DISK_CACHE environment variable.
| TIP | You can enclose the value in quotation marks and specify B, K, M, G, or T as a suffix to indicate the units. For example, "8M" specifies eight megabytes. |
|---|
specifies the memory format for the output table.
| Default | INHERIT |
|---|
use the duplicate value reduction memory format. This memory format can reduce the memory consumption and file size when the input data contains duplicate values.
specifies the name for the output table.
when set to True, adds the output table with a global scope. This enables other sessions to access the table, subject to access controls. The target caslib must also have a global scope.
| Default | False |
|---|
when set to True, overwrites an existing table that has the same name.
| Default | False |
|---|
specifies the number of copies of the table to make for fault tolerance. Larger values result in slower performance and use more memory, but provide high availability for data in the event of a node failure. Data redundancy applies to distributed servers only.
| Default | 1 |
|---|---|
| Minimum value | 0 |
specifies the number of bytes to use for blocks in the output table. The blocks are read by threads. Gradually increase this value when you have a large table with millions or billions of rows and you are tuning for performance. Larger values can increase performance with indexed tables. However, if the value is too large, then you can cause thread starvation due to too few blocks for threads to work on.
| Alias | blockSize |
|---|---|
| Default | 1048576 |
| Minimum value | 0 |
| TIP | You can enclose the value in quotation marks and specify B, K, M, G, or T as a suffix to indicate the units. For example, "8M" specifies eight megabytes. |
specifies to add a timestamp column to the table. Support for timeStamp is action-specific. Specify the value in the form that is appropriate for your session locale.
specifies one or more expressions for subsetting the output data. When multiple expressions are specified, the expressions are effectively combined using AND to form the final output filter. If an expression contains quoted values, use nested quotation marks.
specifies the level of log messages to be written: no logs (0), initialization and completion logs (1), setup and iteration results (2), or detailed evaluation results (3).
| Default | 2 |
|---|---|
| Range | 0–3 |
specifies the maximum number of points in the kriging model. This parameter is ignored unless the value "BAYESIAN" is specified in the searchMethod parameter.
| Alias | maxBayesianSize |
|---|---|
| Default | 500 |
| Minimum value | 10 |
specifies the maximum number of objective evaluations (model configurations) to be trained and scored.
| Alias | maxEvaluations |
|---|---|
| Default | 0 |
| Minimum value | 0 |
specifies the maximum number of iterations of optimization for model tuning. At each iteration, the number of evaluated models is less than or equal to the value of the popSize parameter.
| Alias | maxIterations |
|---|---|
| Default | 5 |
| Minimum value | 1 |
specifies the maximum time allowed for tuning. The actual time might exceed this value by the amount of time required to train and score a model configuration.
| Default | 36000 |
|---|---|
| Minimum value | 1 |
specifies the maximum time allowed for a single model training. The model training is terminated if it exceeds this time, and the objective value is set to missing.
| Minimum value | 0 |
|---|
specifies the number of convergence iterations to use for terminating the tuning.
| Alias | nConvIters |
|---|---|
| Default | 4 |
| Minimum value | 1 |
specifies the number of folds to use for cross validation to assess model fit error as the tuning objective.
| Alias | nFolds |
|---|---|
| Default | 5 |
| Minimum value | 2 |
specifies the number of parallel subsessions to be used for parallel evaluation of model configurations.
| Default | 0 |
|---|
specifies the number of workers to be used by each subsession for parallel evaluation of model configurations.
| Alias | nSubWorkers |
|---|---|
| Default | 0 |
| Minimum value | 0 |
specifies the metric to use as the objective during tuning.
specifies area under the curve as the objective function or the constraint metric (nominal targets only).
specifies weighted normalized discounted cumulative gain as the objective function or the constraint metric (recommender model types only).
specifies the F0.5 coefficient as the objective function or the constraint metric (nominal targets only).
specifies the F1 coefficient as the objective function or the constraint metric (nominal targets only).
specifies false negative rate as the objective function or the constraint metric (nominal targets only).
specifies false positive rate as the objective function or the constraint metric (nominal targets only).
specifies the gamma coefficient as the objective function or the constraint metric (nominal targets only).
specifies the Gini coefficient as the objective function or the constraint metric (nominal targets only).
specifies hit rate as the objective function or the constraint metric (recommender model types only).
specifies the Kolmogorov-Smirnov coefficient as the objective function or the constraint metric (nominal targets only).
specifies the mean absolute error as the objective function or the constraint metric (interval targets only).
specifies the misclassification rate as the objective function or the constraint metric (nominal targets only).
specifies the multiclass log loss as the objective function or the constraint metric (nominal targets only).
specifies mean average precision as the objective function or the constraint metric (recommender model types only).
specifies mean reciprocal rank as the objective function or the constraint metric (recommender model types only).
specifies the misclassification error percentage as the objective function or the constraint metric (nominal targets only).
specifies the mean square error as the objective function or the constraint metric (interval targets only).
specifies the mean square logarithmic error as the objective function or the constraint metric (interval targets only).
specifies recall value as the objective function or the constraint metric (recommender model types only).
specifies the root mean absolute error as the objective function or the constraint metric (interval targets only).
specifies the root mean square logarithmic error as the objective function or the constraint metric (interval targets only).
specifies the tau coefficient as the objective function or the constraint metric (nominal targets only).
specifies true negative rate as the objective function or the constraint metric (nominal targets only).
specifies the maximum number of model configurations to evaluate at each iteration.
| Alias | populationSize |
|---|---|
| Default | 10 |
| Minimum value | 2 |
specifies the number of model configurations to evaluate when the value of the searchMethod parameter is "LHS" or "RANDOM".
| Default | 50 |
|---|---|
| Minimum value | 2 |
specifies the metric to use as the second objective during tuning.
| Default | NONE |
|---|
specifies area under the curve as the objective function or the constraint metric (nominal targets only).
specifies weighted normalized discounted cumulative gain as the objective function or the constraint metric (recommender model types only).
specifies the F0.5 coefficient as the objective function or the constraint metric (nominal targets only).
specifies the F1 coefficient as the objective function or the constraint metric (nominal targets only).
specifies false negative rate as the objective function or the constraint metric (nominal targets only).
specifies false positive rate as the objective function or the constraint metric (nominal targets only).
specifies the gamma coefficient as the objective function or the constraint metric (nominal targets only).
specifies the Gini coefficient as the objective function or the constraint metric (nominal targets only).
specifies hit rate as the objective function or the constraint metric (recommender model types only).
specifies the Kolmogorov-Smirnov coefficient as the objective function or the constraint metric (nominal targets only).
specifies the mean absolute error as the objective function or the constraint metric (interval targets only).
specifies the misclassification rate as the objective function or the constraint metric (nominal targets only).
specifies the multiclass log loss as the objective function or the constraint metric (nominal targets only).
specifies mean average precision as the objective function or the constraint metric (recommender model types only).
specifies mean reciprocal rank as the objective function or the constraint metric (recommender model types only).
specifies the misclassification error percentage as the objective function or the constraint metric (nominal targets only).
specifies the mean square error as the objective function or the constraint metric (interval targets only).
specifies the mean square logarithmic error as the objective function or the constraint metric (interval targets only).
specifies recall value as the objective function or the constraint metric (recommender model types only).
specifies the root mean absolute error as the objective function or the constraint metric (interval targets only).
specifies the root mean square logarithmic error as the objective function or the constraint metric (interval targets only).
specifies the tau coefficient as the objective function or the constraint metric (nominal targets only).
specifies true negative rate as the objective function or the constraint metric (nominal targets only).
specifies the seed to use for selecting training data and validation data for a single validation partition or fold number for each observation for cross validation.
| Default | 0 |
|---|
when set to True, shuffles the points that are generated by the grid search method before execution.
| Default | True |
|---|
specifies the name of the nominal target event to use for tuning.
specifies the size of a single data partition to use for model training during tuning.
| Alias | trainFraction |
|---|---|
| Range | 0.01–0.99 |
when set to True, includes a user-defined partition for training and scoring.
| Default | False |
|---|
specifies the size of a single validation partition to use in order to assess model fit error as the tuning objective.
| Alias | validateFraction |
|---|---|
| Default | 0.3 |
| Range | 0.01–0.99 |
specifies the data table to use for model validation.
| Long form | validTable={"name":"table-name"} |
|---|---|
| Shortcut form | validTable="table-name" |
The castable value can be one or more of the following:
specifies the caslib for the input table that you want to use with the action. By default, the active caslib is used. Specify a value only if you need to access a table from a different caslib.
when set to True, creates the computed variables when the table is loaded instead of when the action begins.
| Alias | compOnDemand |
|---|---|
| Default | False |
specifies the names of the computed variables to create. Specify an expression for each variable in the computedVarsProgram parameter. If you do not specify this parameter, then all variables from computedVarsProgram are automatically included.
| Alias | compVars |
|---|
The casinvardesc value can be one or more of the following:
specifies the format to apply to the variable.
specifies the length of the format field plus the length of the format precision.
specifies the descriptive label for the variable.
specifies the name for the variable.
specifies the length of the format precision.
specifies the length of the format field.
specifies an expression for each computed variable that you include in the computedVars parameter.
| Alias | compPgm |
|---|
specifies data source options.
| Aliases | options |
|---|---|
| dataSource |
specifies the settings for reading a table from a data source.
| Alias | import_ |
|---|
For more information about specifying the importOptions parameter, see the common importOptions parameter (Appendix A: Common Parameters).
specifies the name of the input table.
when set to True, does not create a transient table on the server. Setting this parameter to True can be efficient, but the data might not have stable ordering upon repeated runs.
| Default | False |
|---|
specifies the variables to use in the action.
The casinvardesc value can be one or more of the following:
specifies the format to apply to the variable.
specifies the length of the format field plus the length of the format precision.
specifies the descriptive label for the variable.
specifies the name for the variable.
specifies the length of the format precision.
specifies the length of the format field.
specifies an expression for subsetting the input data.
specifies an input table that contains rows to use as a WHERE filter. If the vars parameter is not specified, then all the variable names that are common to the input table and the filtering table are used to find matching rows. If the where parameter for the input table and this parameter are specified, then this filtering table is applied first.
The groupbytable value can be one or more of the following:
specifies the caslib for the filter table. By default, the active caslib is used.
specifies data source options.
| Aliases | options |
|---|---|
| dataSource |
For more information about specifying the dataSourceOptions parameter, see the common dataSourceOptions parameter (Appendix A: Common Parameters).
specifies the settings for reading a table from a data source.
| Alias | import_ |
|---|
For more information about specifying the importOptions parameter, see the common importOptions parameter (Appendix A: Common Parameters).
specifies the name of the filter table.
specifies the variable names to use from the filter table.
The casinvardesc value can be one or more of the following:
specifies the format to apply to the variable.
specifies the length of the format field plus the length of the format precision.
specifies the descriptive label for the variable.
specifies the name for the variable.
specifies the length of the format precision.
specifies the length of the format field.
specifies an expression for subsetting the data from the filter table.
Automatically tunes hyperparameters for multiple models types concurrently..
If a row includes a subparameter, you can specify the name, caslib, and so on in the subparameter. Otherwise, you can specify the name, caslib, and so on in the parameter.
|
Parameter |
Subparameter |
Description |
|---|---|---|
|
required parametertable |
— |
specifies the data table to use for model training. |
|
— |
specifies the data table to use for model validation. |
|
Parameter |
Subparameter |
Description |
|---|---|---|
|
— |
specifies the table to store the model in. |
|
|
historyTable (and nested parameter table) |
specifies a list of parameters for adjusting how the tuner behaves. |
specifies the input variables to use in the analysis.
For more information about specifying the inputs parameter, see the common casinvardesc parameter (Appendix A: Common Parameters).
| Alias | input |
|---|
specifies the table to store the model in.
For more information about specifying the modelNamePrefix parameter, see the common casouttable (Form 1) parameter (Appendix A: Common Parameters).
specifies a list of model types to be tuned concurrently.
The tuneAllModelTypesDefinition value can be one or more of the following:
specifies the model type for a specified model to be tuned.
| Default | ALL |
|---|
specifies the tuning options for a specified model type to be tuned.
specifies the nominal input variables to use in the analysis.
For more information about specifying the nominals parameter, see the common casinvardesc parameter (Appendix A: Common Parameters).
| Alias | nominal |
|---|
specifies the data table to use for model training.
| Long form | table=list(name="table-name") |
|---|---|
| Shortcut form | table="table-name" |
| Alias | trainTable |
|---|
The castable value can be one or more of the following:
specifies the caslib for the input table that you want to use with the action. By default, the active caslib is used. Specify a value only if you need to access a table from a different caslib.
when set to True, creates the computed variables when the table is loaded instead of when the action begins.
| Alias | compOnDemand |
|---|---|
| Default | FALSE |
specifies the names of the computed variables to create. Specify an expression for each variable in the computedVarsProgram parameter. If you do not specify this parameter, then all variables from computedVarsProgram are automatically included.
| Alias | compVars |
|---|
The casinvardesc value can be one or more of the following:
specifies the format to apply to the variable.
specifies the length of the format field plus the length of the format precision.
specifies the descriptive label for the variable.
specifies the name for the variable.
specifies the length of the format precision.
specifies the length of the format field.
specifies an expression for each computed variable that you include in the computedVars parameter.
| Alias | compPgm |
|---|
specifies data source options.
| Aliases | options |
|---|---|
| dataSource |
specifies the settings for reading a table from a data source.
| Alias | import |
|---|
For more information about specifying the importOptions parameter, see the common importOptions parameter (Appendix A: Common Parameters).
specifies the name of the input table.
when set to True, does not create a transient table on the server. Setting this parameter to True can be efficient, but the data might not have stable ordering upon repeated runs.
| Default | FALSE |
|---|
specifies the variables to use in the action.
The casinvardesc value can be one or more of the following:
specifies the format to apply to the variable.
specifies the length of the format field plus the length of the format precision.
specifies the descriptive label for the variable.
specifies the name for the variable.
specifies the length of the format precision.
specifies the length of the format field.
specifies an expression for subsetting the input data.
specifies an input table that contains rows to use as a WHERE filter. If the vars parameter is not specified, then all the variable names that are common to the input table and the filtering table are used to find matching rows. If the where parameter for the input table and this parameter are specified, then this filtering table is applied first.
The groupbytable value can be one or more of the following:
specifies the caslib for the filter table. By default, the active caslib is used.
specifies data source options.
| Aliases | options |
|---|---|
| dataSource |
For more information about specifying the dataSourceOptions parameter, see the common dataSourceOptions parameter (Appendix A: Common Parameters).
specifies the settings for reading a table from a data source.
| Alias | import |
|---|
For more information about specifying the importOptions parameter, see the common importOptions parameter (Appendix A: Common Parameters).
specifies the name of the filter table.
specifies the variable names to use from the filter table.
The casinvardesc value can be one or more of the following:
specifies the format to apply to the variable.
specifies the length of the format field plus the length of the format precision.
specifies the descriptive label for the variable.
specifies the name for the variable.
specifies the length of the format precision.
specifies the length of the format field.
specifies an expression for subsetting the data from the filter table.
specifies the target or response variable to use for model training.
specifies a list of parameters for adjusting how the tuner behaves.
The tunerOptions value can be one or more of the following:
specifies a list of constraints and their definitions.
The autotuneConstraintDefinition value can be one or more of the following:
specifies the lower bound of the range for a tuning parameter. This parameter can be used only for numeric tuning parameters, and is ignored if a value list is specified for the tuning parameter.
| Alias | LB |
|---|
specifies a metric to constrain during tuning.
specifies area under the curve as the objective function or the constraint metric (nominal targets only).
specifies weighted normalized discounted cumulative gain as the objective function or the constraint metric (recommender model types only).
specifies the F0.5 coefficient as the objective function or the constraint metric (nominal targets only).
specifies the F1 coefficient as the objective function or the constraint metric (nominal targets only).
specifies false negative rate as the objective function or the constraint metric (nominal targets only).
specifies false positive rate as the objective function or the constraint metric (nominal targets only).
specifies the gamma coefficient as the objective function or the constraint metric (nominal targets only).
specifies the Gini coefficient as the objective function or the constraint metric (nominal targets only).
specifies hit rate as the objective function or the constraint metric (recommender model types only).
specifies the Kolmogorov-Smirnov coefficient as the objective function or the constraint metric (nominal targets only).
specifies the mean absolute error as the objective function or the constraint metric (interval targets only).
specifies the misclassification rate as the objective function or the constraint metric (nominal targets only).
specifies the multiclass log loss as the objective function or the constraint metric (nominal targets only).
specifies mean average precision as the objective function or the constraint metric (recommender model types only).
specifies mean reciprocal rank as the objective function or the constraint metric (recommender model types only).
specifies the misclassification error percentage as the objective function or the constraint metric (nominal targets only).
specifies the mean square error as the objective function or the constraint metric (interval targets only).
specifies the mean square logarithmic error as the objective function or the constraint metric (interval targets only).
specifies recall value as the objective function or the constraint metric (recommender model types only).
specifies the root mean absolute error as the objective function or the constraint metric (interval targets only).
specifies the root mean square logarithmic error as the objective function or the constraint metric (interval targets only).
specifies the tau coefficient as the objective function or the constraint metric (nominal targets only).
specifies true negative rate as the objective function or the constraint metric (nominal targets only).
specifies the upper bound of the range for a tuning parameter. This parameter can be used only for numeric tuning parameters, and is ignored if a value list is specified for the tuning parameter.
| Alias | UB |
|---|
when set to True, local search optimization is enabled for model tuning.
| Default | TRUE |
|---|
when set to True, creates a table of every evaluation (every model configuration) and returns those tables to the client.
| Default | TRUE |
|---|
specifies a column in the data table in which the cross validation fold value is indicated.
specifies the CAS table that is created by the autotune action that contains all evaluation history data points.
The history_table value can be one or more of the following:
when set to True, specifies that all unused lookup data points be appended to the table specified in the historyTable parameter.
| Default | FALSE |
|---|
when set to True, updates the table specified in the historyTable parameter after every evaluation. When the liveUpdate parameter is set to True, the table is promoted even if the promote parameter is not set to True, in order to allow other sessions to access the table.
| Default | FALSE |
|---|
The casouttable value can be one or more of the following:
specifies the name of the caslib for the output table.
when set to True, applies data compression to the table.
| Default | FALSE |
|---|
specifies the list of variables to create indexes for in the output data.
specifies the descriptive label to associate with the table.
specifies the number of seconds to keep the table in memory after it is last accessed. The table is dropped if it is not accessed for the specified number of seconds.
| Default | 0 |
|---|---|
| Minimum value | 0 |
specifies the maximum amount of memory, in bytes, that each thread should allocate for in-memory blocks before converting to a memory-mapped file. Files are written in the directories that are specified in the CAS_DISK_CACHE environment variable.
| TIP | You can enclose the value in quotation marks and specify B, K, M, G, or T as a suffix to indicate the units. For example, "8M" specifies eight megabytes. |
|---|
specifies the memory format for the output table.
| Default | INHERIT |
|---|
use the duplicate value reduction memory format. This memory format can reduce the memory consumption and file size when the input data contains duplicate values.
specifies the name for the output table.
when set to True, adds the output table with a global scope. This enables other sessions to access the table, subject to access controls. The target caslib must also have a global scope.
| Default | FALSE |
|---|
when set to True, overwrites an existing table that has the same name.
| Default | FALSE |
|---|
specifies the number of copies of the table to make for fault tolerance. Larger values result in slower performance and use more memory, but provide high availability for data in the event of a node failure. Data redundancy applies to distributed servers only.
| Default | 1 |
|---|---|
| Minimum value | 0 |
specifies the number of bytes to use for blocks in the output table. The blocks are read by threads. Gradually increase this value when you have a large table with millions or billions of rows and you are tuning for performance. Larger values can increase performance with indexed tables. However, if the value is too large, then you can cause thread starvation due to too few blocks for threads to work on.
| Alias | blockSize |
|---|---|
| Default | 1048576 |
| Minimum value | 0 |
| TIP | You can enclose the value in quotation marks and specify B, K, M, G, or T as a suffix to indicate the units. For example, "8M" specifies eight megabytes. |
specifies to add a timestamp column to the table. Support for timeStamp is action-specific. Specify the value in the form that is appropriate for your session locale.
specifies one or more expressions for subsetting the output data. When multiple expressions are specified, the expressions are effectively combined using AND to form the final output filter. If an expression contains quoted values, use nested quotation marks.
specifies the level of log messages to be written: no logs (0), initialization and completion logs (1), setup and iteration results (2), or detailed evaluation results (3).
| Default | 2 |
|---|---|
| Range | 0–3 |
specifies the maximum number of points in the kriging model. This parameter is ignored unless the value "BAYESIAN" is specified in the searchMethod parameter.
| Alias | maxBayesianSize |
|---|---|
| Default | 500 |
| Minimum value | 10 |
specifies the maximum number of objective evaluations (model configurations) to be trained and scored.
| Alias | maxEvaluations |
|---|---|
| Default | 0 |
| Minimum value | 0 |
specifies the maximum number of iterations of optimization for model tuning. At each iteration, the number of evaluated models is less than or equal to the value of the popSize parameter.
| Alias | maxIterations |
|---|---|
| Default | 5 |
| Minimum value | 1 |
specifies the maximum time allowed for tuning. The actual time might exceed this value by the amount of time required to train and score a model configuration.
| Default | 36000 |
|---|---|
| Minimum value | 1 |
specifies the maximum time allowed for a single model training. The model training is terminated if it exceeds this time, and the objective value is set to missing.
| Minimum value | 0 |
|---|
specifies the number of convergence iterations to use for terminating the tuning.
| Alias | nConvIters |
|---|---|
| Default | 4 |
| Minimum value | 1 |
specifies the number of folds to use for cross validation to assess model fit error as the tuning objective.
| Alias | nFolds |
|---|---|
| Default | 5 |
| Minimum value | 2 |
specifies the number of parallel subsessions to be used for parallel evaluation of model configurations.
| Default | 0 |
|---|
specifies the number of workers to be used by each subsession for parallel evaluation of model configurations.
| Alias | nSubWorkers |
|---|---|
| Default | 0 |
| Minimum value | 0 |
specifies the metric to use as the objective during tuning.
specifies area under the curve as the objective function or the constraint metric (nominal targets only).
specifies weighted normalized discounted cumulative gain as the objective function or the constraint metric (recommender model types only).
specifies the F0.5 coefficient as the objective function or the constraint metric (nominal targets only).
specifies the F1 coefficient as the objective function or the constraint metric (nominal targets only).
specifies false negative rate as the objective function or the constraint metric (nominal targets only).
specifies false positive rate as the objective function or the constraint metric (nominal targets only).
specifies the gamma coefficient as the objective function or the constraint metric (nominal targets only).
specifies the Gini coefficient as the objective function or the constraint metric (nominal targets only).
specifies hit rate as the objective function or the constraint metric (recommender model types only).
specifies the Kolmogorov-Smirnov coefficient as the objective function or the constraint metric (nominal targets only).
specifies the mean absolute error as the objective function or the constraint metric (interval targets only).
specifies the misclassification rate as the objective function or the constraint metric (nominal targets only).
specifies the multiclass log loss as the objective function or the constraint metric (nominal targets only).
specifies mean average precision as the objective function or the constraint metric (recommender model types only).
specifies mean reciprocal rank as the objective function or the constraint metric (recommender model types only).
specifies the misclassification error percentage as the objective function or the constraint metric (nominal targets only).
specifies the mean square error as the objective function or the constraint metric (interval targets only).
specifies the mean square logarithmic error as the objective function or the constraint metric (interval targets only).
specifies recall value as the objective function or the constraint metric (recommender model types only).
specifies the root mean absolute error as the objective function or the constraint metric (interval targets only).
specifies the root mean square logarithmic error as the objective function or the constraint metric (interval targets only).
specifies the tau coefficient as the objective function or the constraint metric (nominal targets only).
specifies true negative rate as the objective function or the constraint metric (nominal targets only).
specifies the maximum number of model configurations to evaluate at each iteration.
| Alias | populationSize |
|---|---|
| Default | 10 |
| Minimum value | 2 |
specifies the number of model configurations to evaluate when the value of the searchMethod parameter is "LHS" or "RANDOM".
| Default | 50 |
|---|---|
| Minimum value | 2 |
specifies the metric to use as the second objective during tuning.
| Default | NONE |
|---|
specifies area under the curve as the objective function or the constraint metric (nominal targets only).
specifies weighted normalized discounted cumulative gain as the objective function or the constraint metric (recommender model types only).
specifies the F0.5 coefficient as the objective function or the constraint metric (nominal targets only).
specifies the F1 coefficient as the objective function or the constraint metric (nominal targets only).
specifies false negative rate as the objective function or the constraint metric (nominal targets only).
specifies false positive rate as the objective function or the constraint metric (nominal targets only).
specifies the gamma coefficient as the objective function or the constraint metric (nominal targets only).
specifies the Gini coefficient as the objective function or the constraint metric (nominal targets only).
specifies hit rate as the objective function or the constraint metric (recommender model types only).
specifies the Kolmogorov-Smirnov coefficient as the objective function or the constraint metric (nominal targets only).
specifies the mean absolute error as the objective function or the constraint metric (interval targets only).
specifies the misclassification rate as the objective function or the constraint metric (nominal targets only).
specifies the multiclass log loss as the objective function or the constraint metric (nominal targets only).
specifies mean average precision as the objective function or the constraint metric (recommender model types only).
specifies mean reciprocal rank as the objective function or the constraint metric (recommender model types only).
specifies the misclassification error percentage as the objective function or the constraint metric (nominal targets only).
specifies the mean square error as the objective function or the constraint metric (interval targets only).
specifies the mean square logarithmic error as the objective function or the constraint metric (interval targets only).
specifies recall value as the objective function or the constraint metric (recommender model types only).
specifies the root mean absolute error as the objective function or the constraint metric (interval targets only).
specifies the root mean square logarithmic error as the objective function or the constraint metric (interval targets only).
specifies the tau coefficient as the objective function or the constraint metric (nominal targets only).
specifies true negative rate as the objective function or the constraint metric (nominal targets only).
specifies the seed to use for selecting training data and validation data for a single validation partition or fold number for each observation for cross validation.
| Default | 0 |
|---|
when set to True, shuffles the points that are generated by the grid search method before execution.
| Default | TRUE |
|---|
specifies the name of the nominal target event to use for tuning.
specifies the size of a single data partition to use for model training during tuning.
| Alias | trainFraction |
|---|---|
| Range | 0.01–0.99 |
when set to True, includes a user-defined partition for training and scoring.
| Default | FALSE |
|---|
specifies the size of a single validation partition to use in order to assess model fit error as the tuning objective.
| Alias | validateFraction |
|---|---|
| Default | 0.3 |
| Range | 0.01–0.99 |
specifies the data table to use for model validation.
| Long form | validTable=list(name="table-name") |
|---|---|
| Shortcut form | validTable="table-name" |
The castable value can be one or more of the following:
specifies the caslib for the input table that you want to use with the action. By default, the active caslib is used. Specify a value only if you need to access a table from a different caslib.
when set to True, creates the computed variables when the table is loaded instead of when the action begins.
| Alias | compOnDemand |
|---|---|
| Default | FALSE |
specifies the names of the computed variables to create. Specify an expression for each variable in the computedVarsProgram parameter. If you do not specify this parameter, then all variables from computedVarsProgram are automatically included.
| Alias | compVars |
|---|
The casinvardesc value can be one or more of the following:
specifies the format to apply to the variable.
specifies the length of the format field plus the length of the format precision.
specifies the descriptive label for the variable.
specifies the name for the variable.
specifies the length of the format precision.
specifies the length of the format field.
specifies an expression for each computed variable that you include in the computedVars parameter.
| Alias | compPgm |
|---|
specifies data source options.
| Aliases | options |
|---|---|
| dataSource |
specifies the settings for reading a table from a data source.
| Alias | import |
|---|
For more information about specifying the importOptions parameter, see the common importOptions parameter (Appendix A: Common Parameters).
specifies the name of the input table.
when set to True, does not create a transient table on the server. Setting this parameter to True can be efficient, but the data might not have stable ordering upon repeated runs.
| Default | FALSE |
|---|
specifies the variables to use in the action.
The casinvardesc value can be one or more of the following:
specifies the format to apply to the variable.
specifies the length of the format field plus the length of the format precision.
specifies the descriptive label for the variable.
specifies the name for the variable.
specifies the length of the format precision.
specifies the length of the format field.
specifies an expression for subsetting the input data.
specifies an input table that contains rows to use as a WHERE filter. If the vars parameter is not specified, then all the variable names that are common to the input table and the filtering table are used to find matching rows. If the where parameter for the input table and this parameter are specified, then this filtering table is applied first.
The groupbytable value can be one or more of the following:
specifies the caslib for the filter table. By default, the active caslib is used.
specifies data source options.
| Aliases | options |
|---|---|
| dataSource |
For more information about specifying the dataSourceOptions parameter, see the common dataSourceOptions parameter (Appendix A: Common Parameters).
specifies the settings for reading a table from a data source.
| Alias | import |
|---|
For more information about specifying the importOptions parameter, see the common importOptions parameter (Appendix A: Common Parameters).
specifies the name of the filter table.
specifies the variable names to use from the filter table.
The casinvardesc value can be one or more of the following:
specifies the format to apply to the variable.
specifies the length of the format field plus the length of the format precision.
specifies the descriptive label for the variable.
specifies the name for the variable.
specifies the length of the format precision.
specifies the length of the format field.
specifies an expression for subsetting the data from the filter table.